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Jews Readmitted to England (27 July 1656)

The readmission of Jews to England in 1656 marked a quiet but profound shift in English religious life, revealing how the Reformation reshaped ideas of tolerance, Scripture, and national identity. A Return After Centuries of Exile On 27 July 1656, a small group of Sephardic Jews petitioned Oliver Cromwell’s government for permission to live openly in England. Their request was simple: allow them to worship freely, bury their dead, and trade without fear of expulsion. It was a modest appeal. Its significance was enormous. Jews had been expelled from England in 1290 by Edward I. For more than three centuries, England had no legally recognised Jewish community. Their return in 1656 was not announced with fanfare. No public decree was issued. No formal act of Parliament was passed. Instead, Cromwell quietly allowed them to stay. This understated decision became one of the most important moments in the history of religious toleration in the English-speaking world. Why Jews Were Expelled in ...
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William Tyndale and the English Bible: A Story of Courage and Conviction

If you’ve ever read a Bible in English, you owe something to William Tyndale. He wasn’t the first person to translate Scripture into English — but he was the first to translate it directly from the original Greek and Hebrew, and the first to see it mass‑produced on a printing press. His work shaped the English language, fuelled the Reformation in England, and cost him his life.

Tyndale’s story is one of scholarship, danger, smuggling, betrayal, and a final prayer that changed the course of history.

A Scholar With a Dangerous Idea

Born around 1490–94 in Gloucestershire, Tyndale studied at Oxford and later taught at Cambridge. There he joined a circle of humanist scholars who believed Scripture should be accessible to ordinary people.

Tyndale became convinced of two things:

  • The Bible alone should determine Christian belief.

  • Every believer should be able to read it in their own language.

This was a radical idea in early‑16th‑century England, where translating the Bible without church approval was illegal.

When Tyndale sought permission from Bishop Cuthbert Tunstall to translate the Bible, he was refused. So he left England for the Continent, determined to complete the work elsewhere.

In 1525, he finished translating the New Testament directly from Greek — a first in English history.

The first copies were printed in Cologne and Worms, then smuggled into England in bales of cloth. Church authorities tried to burn them, but the more they burned, the more people wanted them. By the time of Tyndale’s death, 18,000 copies had been printed.

Only a handful survive today.

Translating the Old Testament — and Staying Ahead of the Authorities

After completing the New Testament, Tyndale turned to the Old Testament, translating the Pentateuch from Hebrew — another first for English readers. These books were published in 1530.

He continued working on the historical books of the Old Testament, but not all of these translations survive. Some were later incorporated into the Matthew Bible, completed by Myles Coverdale after Tyndale’s death.

Why Tyndale Still Matters

Tyndale’s influence is enormous:

  • His translations shaped nearly every modern English Bible.

  • His phrasing influenced the King James Version, and through it, the English language itself.

  • His commitment to Scripture in the vernacular helped fuel the English Reformation.

  • His courage set a pattern for later reformers and translators.

Tyndale didn’t live to see a complete English Bible — but his words live on in almost every English translation today.

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